Journal: Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology

Article Title: Betaine restores OPA1-mediated mitochondrial fusion in alveolar epithelial type 2 cells and ameliorates hyperoxic lung injury in newborn mice

doi: 10.3389/fcell.2026.1937629

Figure Lengend Snippet: Betaine regulates the expression of mitochondrial dynamics-related proteins in the lung of BPD mice. (A) Representative Western blot images of FAM162 A protein expression in lung tissues from each group at P14. (B) Quantification of FAM162 A protein level normalized to β-actin by densitometric analysis. Data are presented as mean ± SD; n = 4 per group. (C) Representative Western blot images of OPA1, p-Drp1, and Drp1 protein expression in lung tissues from each group at P14. (D,E) Quantification of OPA1 and p-Drp1 protein levels normalized to β-actin by densitometric analysis. Data are presented as mean ± SD; n = 4 per group. (F) Representative immunofluorescence images showing FAM162 A localization in AT2 cells in lung tissues from each group at P14. Scale bar = 50 μm. (G) Quantification of FAM162 A-positive AT2 cells. Data are presented as mean ± SD; n = 4 per group. (H) Representative immunofluorescence images showing OPA1 localization in AT2 cells in lung tissues from each group at P14. Scale bar = 50 μm. (I) Quantification of OPA1-positive AT2 cells. Data are presented as mean ± SD; n = 4 per group. Data are presented as mean ± SD. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01 for the indicated comparisons.

Article Snippet: Lung sections embedded in paraffin were treated with primary antibodies targeting SP-C (Proteintech, 10774-1-AP, 1:200), ATF4 (CST, 11,815, 1:200), CHOP (Proteintech, 15204-1-AP, 1:200), OPA1 (Proteintech, 27733-1-AP, 1:200), and FAM162 A (Affinity, DF15168, 1:200) at 4 °C overnight.

Techniques: Expressing, Western Blot, Analysis, Immunofluorescence

Journal: Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology

Article Title: Betaine restores OPA1-mediated mitochondrial fusion in alveolar epithelial type 2 cells and ameliorates hyperoxic lung injury in newborn mice

doi: 10.3389/fcell.2026.1937629

Figure Lengend Snippet: Betaine attenuates apoptosis by regulating OPA1-mediated mitochondrial fusion. MLE-12 cells were randomly divided into six groups: normoxia group (21%O 2 , NO), normoxia with betaine group (21%O 2 , NO + Bet), hyperoxia group (85%O 2 , HO), hyperoxia with betaine group (85%O 2 , HO + Bet), hyperoxia with MYLS22 group (85%O 2 , HO + MYLS22), and hyperoxia with MYLS22 and betaine group (85%O 2 , HO + MYLS22 + Bet). (A) Representative immunofluorescence images showing OPA1 expression in MLE-12 cells from each group. Scale bar = 50 μm. (B) Quantification of OPA1 expression presented as mean fluorescence intensity (MFI%). Data are presented as mean ± SD; n = 4 per group. (C) Representative Western blot images of OPA1 and FAM162 A protein expression in MLE-12 cells from each group. (D,E) Quantification of OPA1 and FAM162 A protein levels normalized to β-actin by densitometric analysis. Data are presented as mean ± SD; n = 4 per group. (F) Representative Western blot images of Bax and Bcl-2 protein expression in MLE-12 cells from each group. (G) Quantification of the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio by densitometric analysis. Data are presented as mean ± SD; n = 3 per group. Data are presented as mean ± SD. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01 for the indicated comparisons. (H) Quantification of cleaved caspase-3 protein levels normalized to β-actin by densitometric analysis. Data are presented as mean ± SD; n = 3 per group.

Article Snippet: Lung sections embedded in paraffin were treated with primary antibodies targeting SP-C (Proteintech, 10774-1-AP, 1:200), ATF4 (CST, 11,815, 1:200), CHOP (Proteintech, 15204-1-AP, 1:200), OPA1 (Proteintech, 27733-1-AP, 1:200), and FAM162 A (Affinity, DF15168, 1:200) at 4 °C overnight.

Techniques: Immunofluorescence, Expressing, Fluorescence, Western Blot, Analysis

Journal: Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology

Article Title: Betaine restores OPA1-mediated mitochondrial fusion in alveolar epithelial type 2 cells and ameliorates hyperoxic lung injury in newborn mice

doi: 10.3389/fcell.2026.1937629

Figure Lengend Snippet: Betaine restores FAM162A and OPA1 expression, promotes OPA1-mediated mitochondrial fusion in AT2 cells, reduces oxidative stress, integrated stress response-related signaling and apoptosis, and ultimately ameliorates hyperoxia-induced lung injury in newborn mice. Created in BioRender. hongyu, X. (2026) https://BioRender.com/uv5y0w .

Article Snippet: Lung sections embedded in paraffin were treated with primary antibodies targeting SP-C (Proteintech, 10774-1-AP, 1:200), ATF4 (CST, 11,815, 1:200), CHOP (Proteintech, 15204-1-AP, 1:200), OPA1 (Proteintech, 27733-1-AP, 1:200), and FAM162 A (Affinity, DF15168, 1:200) at 4 °C overnight.

Techniques: Expressing